"Slow" Projects and Characteristics of the Municipality of Westerwolde

Environmental Protection and Energy: The municipality (formed in 2018 through the merger of Bellingwedde and Vlagtwedde, inheriting the *Cittaslow* title) is actively committed to the ecological transition, with a particular focus on the landscape integration of solar parks. Great emphasis is placed on biodiversity conservation, especially through the ecological restoration of the Ruiten Aa river: the watercourse has been returned to its original natural meandering path, recreating wetlands and floodplains to encourage the resurgence of river flora and fauna.

Infrastructure, Mobility, and Urban Quality: In contrast to the vast, flat polders typical of the province of Groningen, Westerwolde offers an intimate landscape of woodlands and ancient *esdorpen* (traditional villages developed around shared green spaces). Land-use planning protects these areas from intensive urbanization. Sustainable mobility is central to the area, which is crisscrossed by a dense, well-maintained network of cycle paths and hiking trails, including the famous Westerwoldepad—a nature trail spanning over 100 km.

Agriculture, Local Products, and Traditions: The region's identity is rooted in a deep respect for its rural and historical heritage. The area boasts sites of national importance, such as the Fortress of Bourtange (*Vesting Bourtange*)—a perfectly restored star-shaped fortified village—and the ancient Ter Apel Monastery (*Klooster Ter Apel*), dating back to 1465. The local administration promotes short supply chains, encouraging the purchase of *streekproducten* (regional products) directly from local farms. Social Cohesion and Participation: The vitality of the many small communities is ensured by *naoberschap*, the ancient Dutch concept of "good neighborliness" and mutual aid. Local authorities actively support volunteer networks, village associations, and community hubs to keep the community strong, backing grassroots initiatives for elderly care and the maintenance of shared spaces.

Hospitality and Slow Tourism: Westerwolde’s tourism identity is inextricably linked to the *Cittaslow* brand. Its hospitality model prioritizes "quiet recreation": visitors are encouraged to explore the area at a leisurely pace, staying in small B&Bs housed in historic farmhouses, nature-immersed campsites, and traditional inns—far removed from mass tourism.

List of Events

Historical Re-enactments at Bourtange: The historic fortress hosts major events throughout the year, including the "Battle of Bourtange" (*Slag om Bourtange*)—which faithfully recreates the encampments and combat of the Eighty Years' War era—and the famous, atmospheric historic Christmas markets.

Middeleeuws Ter Apel: A major medieval festival held in early September in the woods surrounding the ancient Ter Apel Monastery. The event draws re-enactors from across Europe and features encampments, tournaments, period music, and hands-on demonstrations of ancient crafts.

Westerwoldse Wandelweek (Hiking Week): Events and days dedicated entirely to enthusiasts of slow-paced walking and hiking. Guided walks are organized through nature reserves, forests, and heathlands, offering routes that combine physical activity with the discovery of nature and local gastronomy.

Agricultural Fairs and Regional Markets: Periodic fairs—such as the Vlagtwedde Agricultural Fair (Vlagtwedder Landbouwbeurs)—and themed markets showcase the best of the local primary sector, fostering direct interaction between agricultural producers and consumers with a focus on sustainability.